My top book for each of the last 180 years

I set myself a little project at the start of November: to post a list on Bluesky of my favorite book published each year since 1846, three a day, so covering the 60 days from 2 November to 31 December. Obviously I prepared the list several days in advance, and then published the posts usually along with my mid-morning coffee.

In almost every case, my choice for top book of the year is the one whose title makes me go “Oooh! I have good memories of reading that!” Often these are classics, because almost by definition a classic has provoked that reaction from a lot of readers. Sometimes they are books you may not have heard of, and maybe I’ll inspire you to give them a go.

To get the books for each year, I used a combination of sources.

  • The Wikipedia page for “Year X in Literature” was a starting point, but not always a good one. It gets longer and less useful the closer you get to the present.
  • Up to the end of the twentieth century, the most helpful source, nine years out of ten, was the Goodreads page for books tagged with each year by Goodreads users. This was not so good for years ending in 0, as there are enough Goodreads users who tag books by decade to swamp the signal in those cases.
  • In the most recent period, the really useful source was my own LibraryThing catalogue, sorted by year of publication and by my rating of the books published in that year. This still needed to be checked, as the majority of my books are not first editions but later reprints, and so the publication date of my own copy is often later than the date of first publication.

And speaking of the date of first publication, that’s not always easy to define. For a play, is it first performance or the first printing of the script for sale? For a nineteenth century novel published originally as a series, is it the date the series concluded or the date that the book was published as a book? For Middlemarch, I went with both and listed it twice. There is one other book that I give two years to because of its publication history. If you know me at all, you will not be surprised by which book it is.

In the early years, the choice was sometimes easy if there was only one book published that year that I had actually read. (For example Immensee, and Black Beauty.) Even so, I hate The Mill on the Floss, so I have left 1860 blank; there are a couple of others where I really don’t seem to have read anything from that year.

In later years, the problem was not too few but too many books, particularly (and this did surprise me though perhaps it shouldn’t have) in the last quarter of the twentieth century; the number of books that I have read from each year then drops a bit from the year 2000, though it’s still a lot higher than pre-1950.

When I got to the end, I realised that it’s too early to be sure what my favourite book published in 2024 or 2025 will be (and of course I reserve the right to change my mind about earlier years too). So the eventual list covers 178 of the last 180 years, starting in 1846 and ending in 2023.

I list books by the date of first publication in the original language, but use the English language title – except for Les Misérables, where the French title is better known in English. Likewise if the author is generally known by a variant of their name in English, I use the familiar version – Leo Tolstoy rather than Lev.

Each link in the list below links to my Bluesky post for that day. Each post includes a cover picture for each book, a link to my online review if I have written one, and shout outs to other books published in that year which I have read and like (which really mount up in the second half of the list). In general I skip books I didn’t like, though there are a couple of early years where I mention them to avoid leaving the year blank (eg 1849, 1875).

The list is more male and whiter than I would really like, but I guess it also reflects my years of reading voraciously. Having said that, the first two entries are by a writer of colour (Alexandre Dumas, grandson of an enslaved woman) and by a woman (Charlotte Brontë); and my most recent five are all by women, two of them women of colour.

Here is the list.

1846The Count of Monte Cristo, by Alexandre Dumas
1847Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Brontë
1848The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, by Anne Brontë
1849Immensee, by Theodor Storm
1850David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens
1851Moby-dick, or, the Whale, by Herman Melville
1852Uncle Tom’s Cabin, by Harriet Beecher Stowe
1853Twelve Years a Slave, by Solomon Northrup
1854Hard Times, by Charles Dickens
1855The Warden, by Anthony Trollope
1856None
1857Madame Bovary, by Gustave Flaubert
1858Doctor Thorne, by Anthony Trollope
1859Three-way tie:
A Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens
The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám, by Edward Fitzgerald
On the Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin
1860None – I hate The Mill on the Floss
1861Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself [Harriet Jacobs]
1862Les Misérables/The Wretched, by Victor Hugo
1863Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838–1839, by Fanny Kemble
1864A Journey to the Center of the Earth, by Jules Verne
1865Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll
1866Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoyevsky
1867None
1868The Moonstone, by Wilkie Collins
1869War and Peace, by Leo Tolstoy
1870Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas, by Jules Verne
1871Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There, by Lewis Carroll
1872Middlemarch, by George Eliot (end of serialisation)
1873Around the World in Eighty Days, by Jules Verne
1874Middlemarch, by George Eliot (first book publication)
1875The Mysterious Island, by Jules Verne
1876The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, by Mark Twain
1877Black Beauty, by Anna Sewell
1878Anna Karenina, by Leo Tolstoy
1879A Doll’s House, by Henrik Ibsen
1880Washington Square, by Henry James
1881The Portrait of a Lady, by Henry James
1882Bevis: the Story of a Boy, by Richard Jefferies
1883Treasure Island, by Robert Louis Stevenson
1884The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain
1885After London, by Richard Jefferies
1886Kidnapped, by Robert Louis Stevenson
1887A Study in Scarlet, by Arthur Conan Doyle
1888Looking Backward: from 2000 to 1887, by Edward Bellamy
1889Three Men in a Boat, by Jerome K. Jerome
1890The Picture of Dorian Gray, by Oscar Wilde
1891Gösta Berling’s Saga, by Selma Lagerlöf
1892The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by Arthur Conan Doyle
1893The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes, by Arthur Conan Doyle (published in 1893 though first edition is dated 1894)
1894Arms and the Man, by George Bernard Shaw – first performance – not actually published until 1898
1895The Time Machine, by H.G. Wells
1896The Wheels of Chance, by H.G. Wells
1897Dracula, by Bram Stoker
1898A tie:
The War of the Worlds, by H.G. Wells
The Ballad of Reading Gaol, by Oscar Wilde
1899Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad
1900Love and Mr Lewisham, by H.G. Wells
1901The History of Sir Richard Calmady, by “Lucas Malet” [Mary St Leger Kingsley]
1902The Hound of the Baskervilles, by Arthur Conan Doyle
1903The Riddle of the Sands, by Erskine Childers
1904The Phoenix and the Carpet, by E. Nesbit
1905The Scarlet Pimpernel, by Baroness Orczy
1906The Railway Children, by E. Nesbit
1907The Secret Agent, by Joseph Conrad
1908The Wind in the Willows, by Kenneth Grahame
1909Ann Veronica, by H.G. Wells
1910The History of Mr Polly, by H.G. Wells
1911The Secret Garden, by Frances Hodgson Burnett
1912The Crock of Gold, by James Stephens
1913Swann’s Way, by Marcel Proust
1914Dubliners, by James Joyce
1915The Metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka
1916A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, by James Joyce
1917The Man with Two Left Feet, by P.G. Wodehouse
1918The Return of the Soldier, by Rebecca West
1919In the Shadow of Young Girls in Flower, by Marcel Proust
1920The Mysterious Affair at Styles, by Agatha Christie
1921The Guermantes Way, by Marcel Proust
1922Ulysses, by James Joyce
1923The Prisoner, by Marcel Proust
1924Juno and the Paycock, by Sean O’Casey
1925Mrs Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf
1926The Murder of Roger Ackroyd, by Agatha Christie
1927To the Lighthouse, by Virginia Woolf
1928All Quiet on the Western Front, by Erich Maria Remarque
1929A Room of One’s Own, by Virginia Woolf
1930Not So Quiet…, by Helen Zenna Smith
1931The Waves, by Virginia Woolf
1932Cold Comfort Farm, by Stella Gibbons
1933Testament of Youth, by Vera Brittain
1934I, Claudius, by Robert Graves
1935The Box of Delights, by John Masefield
1936At the Mountains of Madness, by H.P. Lovecraft
1937The Hobbit, by J.R.R. Tolkien
1938Homage to Catalonia, by George Orwell
1939The Grapes of Wrath, by John Steinbeck
1940Cue for Treason, by Geoffrey Trease
1941Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, by Rebecca West
1942The World of Yesterday, by Stefan Zweig
1943The Little Prince, by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
1944Gigi, by Colette
1945Animal Farm, by George Orwell
1946Hiroshima, by John Hersey
1947The Diary of a Young Girl, by Anne Frank
1948Finn Family Moomintroll, by Tove Jansson
1949Nineteen Eighty-Four, by George Orwell
1950The Martian Chronicles, by Ray Bradbury
1951The Day of the Triffids, by John Wyndham
1952The Birds and Other Stories, by Daphne du Maurier
1953Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury
1954The Fellowship of the Ring and The Two Towers, by J.R.R. Tolkien
1955The Return of the King, by J.R.R. Tolkien
1956My Family and Other Animals, by Gerald Durrell
1957On the Beach, by Nevil Shute
1958Tom’s Midnight Garden, by Philippa Pearce
1959A Canticle for Leibowitz, by Walter M. Miller
1960To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee
1961Catch-22, by Joseph Heller
1962A Wrinkle in Time, by Madeleine L’Engle
1963Cat’s Cradle, by Kurt Vonnegut
1964Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, by Roald Dahl
1965Dune, by Frank Herbert
1966Flowers for Algernon, by Daniel Keyes
1967A tie:
Lord of Light, by Roger Zelazny
The Third Policeman, by Flann O’Brien
1968A Wizard of Earthsea, by Ursula K. Le Guin
1969The Left Hand of Darkness, by Ursula K. Le Guin
1970Fifth Business, by Robertson Davies
1971The Tombs of Atuan, by Ursula K. Le Guin
1972Watership Down, by Richard Adams
1973Dark Horse, by Fletcher Knebel
1974The Dispossessed, by Ursula K. Le Guin
1975Imperial Earth, by Arthur C. Clarke
1976Roots, by Alex Haley
1977Bridge to Terabithia, by Katherine Paterson
1978The Hitch-Hiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, by Douglas Adams (performance of original radio play)
1979The Fountains of Paradise, by Arthur C. Clarke
1980The Name of the Rose, by Umberto Eco
1981Midnight’s Children, by Salman Rushdie
1982Schindler’s Ark (later Schindler’s List), by Thomas Keneally
1983The Colour of Magic, by Terry Pratchett
1984The Unbearable Lightness of Being, by Milan Kundera
1985The Handmaid’s Tale, by Margaret Atwood
1986Maus: A Survivor’s Tale I: My Father Bleeds History, by Art Spiegelman
1987Watchmen, by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons
1988Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era, by James M. McPherson
1989In Xanadu: A Quest, by William Dalrymple
1990Interpreting Northern Ireland, by John H. Whyte
1991Maus: A Survivor’s Tale II: And Here My Troubles Began, by Art Spiegelman
1992Small Gods, Terry Pratchett
1993Parable of the Sower, by Octavia E. Butler
1994Long Walk to Freedom, by Nelson Mandela
1995Bloodchild and Other Stories, by Octavia E. Butler
1996A Game of Thrones, by George R.R. Martin
1997Voices from Chernobyl, by Svetlana Alexievich
1998Beowulf, translated by Seamus Heaney
1999Lost Lives: The Stories of the Men, Women and Children who Died as a Result of the Northern Ireland Troubles, by Brian Feeney, Seamus Kelters, David McKittrick, David McVea and Chris Thornton
2000Ash, A Secret History, by Mary Gentle
2001The Emperor’s Babe, by Bernardine Evaristo
2002Samuel Pepys: The Unequalled Self, by Claire Tomalin
2003Persepolis, by Marjane Satrapi (last part first published this year)
2004The Island at the Centre of the World, by Russell Shorto
2005The Orientalist: Solving the Mystery of a Strange and Dangerous Life, by Tom Reiss
2006Fun Home, by Alison Bechdel
2007Alice in Sunderland, by Bryan Talbot
2008The Years, by Annie Ernaux
2009From a Clear Blue Sky: Surviving the Mountbatten Bomb, by Timothy Knatchbull
2010The Bloody Sunday Report, by Lord Savile of Newdigate et al
2011Among Others, by Jo Walton
2012Dotter of Her Father’s Eyes, by Mary M. Talbot and Bryan Talbot
2013Ancillary Justice, by Ann Leckie
2014A tie:
Station Eleven, by Emily St John Mandel
Common People, by Alison Light
2015Between the World and Me, by Ta-Nehisi Coates
2016East West Street, by Philippe Sands
2017Exit West, by Mohsin Hamid
2018Factfulness, by Hans Rosling
2019Girl, Woman, Other, by Bernardine Evaristo
2020The Mirror and the Light, by Hilary Mantel
2021The Sun is Open, by Gail McConnell
2022Babel, or the Necessity of Violence, by R.F. Kuang
2023Old Babes in the Wood, by Margaret Atwood

So that’s 178 books in total (blank years and double wins being compensated by a few ties):

  • 56 (31%) by women, 13 (7%) by writers of colour;
  • 76 (43%) non-genre fiction, 60 (34%) science fiction and fantasy, 26 (15%) non-fiction, 7 (4%) comics, 5 (3%) works of poetry, and 4 (2%) plays
  • 149 (84%) originally written in English, 15 in French, 4 in German, 2 in Swedish, one each in Czech, Dutch, Italian, and Norwegian.

I tried to crunch down to national origin, but it’s quite tricky because of the number of authors of mixed identity. I make it roughly 96 books by British and Irish authors combined, roughly 40 by USians and 3 by Canadians, 15 by French writers and 18 by other Europeans, three by Asian writers and two by Australians.

This of course in no way reflects the objective quality of the books, it just illuminates the biases in my lifetime of reading.

There may be material for a party game or convention panel here, where you have a balloon debate about all of the books published in a particular year, and see which one survives after expert (or at least earnest) discussion.

But this post is long enough, so I will leave it here for now.