Short Trips: A Christmas Treasury, ed. Paul Cornell

Second stanza of the poem that is the third chapter (‘In the TARDIS: Christmas Day’ by Val Douglas):

`We must have a Christmas pudding,’
The Doctor said at last
As he searched through all the cupboards
For relics of Christmas past.
`Aha!’ he cried in triumph
And held up a mouldy goo.
`A present from Mrs Beeton
`In eighteen umpty-two.’

These themed anthologies of Who stories are sometimes more miss than hit, and I fear this is largely in the former category – perhaps not helped by my reading it at the height of summer rather than in the Christmas season for which it was intended when published in 2004, with New Who looming round the corner. Perhaps appropriately, the two stories I enjoyed most are reflexive vignettes where the TV show becomes part of the narrative, “Christmas Special” by Marc Platt and even more so “All Our Christmases” by Steve Lyons. Otherwise I think this is best enjoyed with mulled win in one’s hand and a seasonal mood in one’s brain.

Nest in sequence: Short Trips: Seven Deadly Sins, ed. David Bailey.

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Fanny Kemble and the lovely land, by Constance Wright

Second paragraph of third chapter:

It was a good thing, Fanny told a correspondent in England, that she had avoided reading Mrs. Trollope’s Domestic Manners of the Americans. The subject was always cropping up in conversation, and when asked for an opinion, she could truthfully say she knew nothing of the lady or her obnoxious book. Some of Fanny’s first impressions, however, coincided with those of America’s most strident critic to date. It had been a traumatic experience for Mrs. Trollope to enter an American milliner’s shop and have someone introduce her to the milliner. Fanny, being, as she later said, an “English republican”, also noted the lack of class distinction in the New World, but without a sense of outrage. Intrusions upon privacy, mosquitoes, heat, and public dining-rooms where one was forced to masticate, cheek by jowl, with total strangers, were much more trying. Friendliness amounted almost to a vice. The Kembles had brought many letters of introduction with them, and shortly after their arrival on September 4, 1832, they were invited to dine with Mr. Philip Hone, former mayor of New York, a retired commission merchant, whose house, facing City Hall Park, was a meeting place for artists and writers of the conservative stripe.

For some years now, I have been fascinated by the nineteenth-century actress and writer Fanny Kemble, and I’m still waiting for someone to write a good comprehensive biography of her. (Maybe me, in fifteen years when I retire.) This book, published in 1972, fills one of the gaps in the more recent biography by Deirdre David in that it concentrates on her relationship with America (the “lovely land” of the title), and with one particular American, Pierce Butler, and with the issue of slavery – in particular, going into how the letters that became the Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation 1838-1839 were written, and how they came to be published twenty-five years later. There is lots of good circumstantial detail about antebellum Philadelphia, New York, Washington, and of course the Georgia islands of the Butler plantation. (Incidentally, Pierce Butler’s grandfather, also Pierce Butler, had provided refuge on his island plantation to Aaron Burr in 1804 immediately after the duel in which Alexander Hamilton was killed; in 1736, the same islands were also the American base for Charles Wesley, with his brother John just down the road.) There’s a lot of good comparative stuff about how Kemble’s perceptions of America differed from other contemporary English visitors, contrasting her more touchy-feely approach with the intellectualisation of the likes of Harriet Martineau (they did not get on).

At the same time, there’s a huge elephant in the room which simply isn’t mentioned, and which on reflection I haven’t seen mentioned much in any of the writings on Kemble that I have seen. Quite simply, she was a feminist. Her marriage broke down because she insisted on behaving as her husband’s equal, and Pierce Butler, scion of a Georgian plantation family, simply could not cope with this. Her favourite Shakespeare character was Portia, whose crowning moment is when she assumes a male role and wins (she hated being Juliet, which was the role people always wanted to push her into). The Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation is full of material which could only be written by a feminist abolitionist, and the rest of her career is equally full of commentary on gender politics. Wright is not the only biographer to miss this, but she’s the most political of Kemble’s biographers who I’ve read and it seems therefore particularly lacking here.

My other complaint, and it’s one I’ve made before about Kemble’s biographers, is that she was in general a better writer than those who write about her, so it’s a shame not to hear a bit more of her own voice here – there’s almost an assumption that the reader is already familiar with her writings. She was a complex and fascinating character, and people who knew her either loved her or hated her; and subsequent history has not done her justice.

This came to the top of my pile as the shortest book acquired in 2009 which I had not yet read. Next in order is Oracle, by Ian Watson.

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Interesting Links for 17-07-2016

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Saturday reading

Posted from Dulles Airport before boarding:

Current
Watership Down, by Richard Adams (a chapter a week)
Lethbridge-Stewart: Beast of Fang Rock, by Andy Frankham-Allan
Galileo's Dream, by Kim Stanley Robinson
Gráinne, by Keith Roberts

Last books finished
Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules, by Jeff Kinney
The Algebra of Ice, by Lloyd Rose
The Stars My Destination, by Alfred Bester
Boy, by Roald Dahl
Dead Romance, by Lawrence Miles
Empire of Mud, by J.D. Dickey
The Secret History of Science Fiction, ed. James Patrick Kelly & John Kessel
Tales from the Secret Annexe, by Anne Frank

Last week’s audios
Torchwood: The Victorian Age, by AK Benedict
Torchwood: Zone 10, by David Llewellyn

Next books
Between structure and No-thing: An annotated reader in Social and Cultural Anthropology, ed. Patrick J. Devlieger
Corona, by Greg Bear
Earthlight, by Arthur C Clarke

Books acquired in last week
Empire of Mud, by J.D. Dickey
A Woman of the Iron People, by Eleanor Arnason
Welcome to Night Vale, by Joseph Fink and Jeffrey Cranor
Between the World and Me, by Ta-Nehisi Coates
Paper Girls, vol 1, by Brian K. Vaughan and Cliff Chiang
The Dinner, by Herman Koch
Best American Comics 2011, ed. Alison Bechdel
The Autumnlands v1: Tooth and Claw, by Kurt Busiek and Benjamin Dewey
Weapons of Mass Diplomacy, by Lanzac and Blain

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Interesting Links for 16-07-2016

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Interesting Links for 15-07-2016

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The 4-Hour Workweek, by Timothy Ferriss

Second paragraph of third chapter:

He held his breath on the final step, and the panic drove him to near unconsciousness. His vision blurred at the edges, closing to a single pinpoint of light, and then … he floated. The all-consuming celestial blue of the horizon hit his visual field an instant after he realized that the thermal updraft had caught him and the wings of the paraglider. Fear was behind him on the mountaintop, and thousands of feet above the resplendent green rain forest and pristine white beaches of Copacabana, Hans Keeling had seen the light.

Ferriss believes that he has found the answer to happiness in life. It is to outsource all the stuff you hate doing in your working day to long-distance personal assistants in developing countries, and then do only the stuff you like for as long as you want to. He reckons that he can have a princely lifestyle with only four hours of actual paid work per week, and that you can too if you follow his advice.

This is one of those evangelical self-help books which is written by a very confident person with very little self-awareness. He admits towards the end that he has resigned from three jobs in his career and been fired from all the rest. This comes as little surprise to the reader; I think it’s clear that Ferriss and office culture are a poor match, and both sides are winners now that he is no longer there.

Perhaps I’m weird, but I actually like my office and my workmates. I enjoy going to a physical location where you can drop by someone else’s desk (and other colleagues drop by mine) to discuss the latest ideas for transforming our collective brainpower into a paid product. My life would actually be poorer in quality if I didn’t have an interesting place to go and earn money every day separate from where I live. It’s not to everyone’s taste, of course, but I think Ferriss doesn’t quite see that his priorities are not universally shared.

Having said that, he has some very good ideas about productivity and personal branding which are relevant no matter what your working circumstances. I nodded with approval at his evangelical endorsement of Evernote, which admitedly I use more for leisure activities than work but which is a really powerful tool. His tips for cheap travel (including travel with children) are also of general relevance.

Still, I fear the packaging is just a bit annoying. I think I will recommend extracted chapters to colleagues, but counsel caution with regard to the whole thing.

This was both the most popular non-fiction book on my unread shelf, and the most popular unread book that I acquired last year. Next on both lists is The Cuckoo’s Egg, by Cliff Stoll.

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Interesting Links for 13-07-2016

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The Unwritten Vol. 6: Tommy Taylor and the War of Words, by Mike Carey

Second frame of third chapter:

I had been quite a fan of the earlier volumes in this series, but my interest dropped off around 2012, when I bought this but never go around to reading it. Anyway, it’ the usual dense narrative, interspersed with parentheses which in general I found more interesting – there’s a very disturbing child-abuse one illustrated by Bryan Talbot, there’s a great First World War one illustrated by Gary Erskine; but the main plot has our unfortunate hero increasingly involved with the sinister Pullman and the mysterious Leviathan to a point where I found I didn;t care as much as I would have liked to.

This was my top unread comic in English. Next on that list (actually, ahead of it if I’d tallied promptly) is Alice in Sunderland by Bryan Talbot.

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Interesting Links for 12-07-2016

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My Hugo and #RetroHugos1941 votes: Best Graphic Story

It's really striking that two years ago, it was impossible to find enough comics from 1938 to populate the Retro Hugo category – we gave a Special Committee Award to Superman instead – but this year there is a wealth of 1940 material to choose from. Having said that, there's not in fact a lot of variety; with one exception, the 1941 Retro Hugo finalists are origin stories of costumed crime-fighters. This at least reduces the problem of comparing apples with oranges, but it does mean that we are essentially voting on the same story told differently four times.

I did not nominate in this category. None of the entries is in the Hugo packet, but most can be found fairly easily if you look for them (taps side of nose).

6) No Award. Any of these is a good representation of where comics were in 1940. None of them is perfect, but none is deeply flawed either.

5) The Origin of the Spirit, by Will Eisner
Second panel of third page:

I didn't really warm to The Spirit. I found him a bit smug and complacent, and his drugs and technology work just as far as the plot needs them to. NB that the next story in The Spirit: A Celebration of 75 years ends with him triumphantly spanking a teenage girl, an image that is used for the frontispiece. That story is not on the ballot; if it were I'd be putting it below No Award.

4) The Spectre: “The Spectre”/”The Spectre Strikes!”, by Jerry Siegel and Bernard Baily
Second panel of third page (from first of two instalments):

I feel a bit more sympathetic to The Spectre than I do to The Spirit because The Spectre is actually dead, and has to manage relations with his girlfriend as well as Fighting Crime. He doesn't do a very good job of it though (the girlfriend bit, I mean).

3) Captain Marvel: “Introducing Captain Marvel” by Bill Parker and C. C. Beck
Second panel of third page:

I found myself warming to this much more – total wish fulfillment for the readers who can imagine transforming into superheroes at the simple uttering of the word "Shazam", and saving America from a plot to Destroy Radio. Glorious nonsense.

2) Batman #1, by Bob Kane.
Second panel of third chapter:

I am assuming that we are meant to consider the collected early Batman stories "The Joker", "Professor Hugo Strange and the Monsters", "The Cat" and "The Joker Returns" here. I did not immediately warm to them, but on reflection I can see that Kane put a lot of effort into the world-building, in comparison with the other three origin stories. And the fact that Batman has a sidekick makes the relationship at the top more interesting too. I am sure it will win.

1) Flash Gordon: “The Ice Kingdom of Mongo” by Alex Raymond and Don Moore
Second panel of third installment:

This is a very different kettle of fish; rather than traditional comics style, each panel has a detailed picture plus half a dozen lines of explanatory prose. The story concerns Flash Gordon and team crashing in the Ice Kingdom of Frigia (which is on the planet of Mongo), ruled by the skimpily dressed Princess Fria. Much of the story involves palace intrigues, including a love triangle between Princess Fria, Dale Arden and Flash; this varies from interesting to cringeworthy. But I liked the fact that the women are not generally peril monkeys and at one point team up together to rescue Flash from durance vile. There is the odd plot inconsistency, no doubt due to the difficulty of keeping names and details straight in a story that took thirteen months to publish, but for scale, ambition and (mostly) execution, I am giving it my vote.

For the 2016 Hugos fpr Best Graphic Story, my nominations were:

The Sculptor, by Scott McCloud
The Thrilling Adventures of Lovelace and Babbage, by Sydney Padua
Sex Criminals, Vol. 2: Two Worlds, One Cop, by Matt Fraction and Chip Zdarsky
Saga vol 5, by Brian Vaughan and Fiona Staples
The Sandman: Overture, by Neil Gaiman, J.H. Williams III, Dave Stewart and Todd Klein

The File 770 straw poll found the following as the most popular nominees in this category among contributors:

The Sculptor, by Scott McCloud (15)
The Sandman: Overture, by Neil Gaiman and J.H. Williams III (9)
The Thrilling Adventures of Lovelace and Babbage, by Sydney Padua (9)
Ms. Marvel, Vol. 2: Generation Why, by G. Willow Wilson, Adrian Alphona, and Jake Wyatt (8)
Saga, Vol. 5, by Brian Vaughan and Fiona Staples (8)
The Autumnlands, Vol. 1: Tooth and Claw, by Kurt Busiek and Benjamin Dewey (7)
Bitch Planet, Vol. 1: Extraordinary Machine, by Kelly Sue DeConnick and Valentine De Landro (6)
Nimona, by Noelle Stevenson (5)
Lumberjanes, Vol. 1: Beware the Kitten Holy, by Noelle Stevenson, Grace Ellis, Shannon Watters, and Brooke A. Allen (4)
Rat Queens 2: The Far Reaching Tentacles of N’rygoth, by Kurtis J. Wiebe, Roc Upchurch, and Stjepan Šejić (4)

I nominated four of the top five of these, a rare case of my tastes coinciding closely with the File 770 spread. However, the final ballot includes only one of these stories. The other finalists did not get a single vote between them from File 770 readers. The slate made a clean sweep here.

My own vote will be as follows:

6) Full Frontal Nerdity by Aaron Williams
Second panel of third 2015 installment:

It's not entirely clear what section of this webcomic is intended to be eligible. I started reading from the first episode published in 2015, and lost interest after the first few; the jokes are not particularly funny, the characters unengaging, and the whole thing a bit too focussed on tabletop gaming as the entirety of life.

5) Erin Dies Alone, by Grey Carter and Cory Rydell
Second panel of third chapter (confusingly numbered Chapter 4):

Another webcomic, which started in 2015. Here I read the first three story arcs (numbered Chapter 1, Chapter 2 and Chapter 4), starting from March 2015 and finishing in November. There is a cute girl and a cute raccoon, and they discover that computer games have their own reality which intersects with ours. I didn't much care for the setting and I thought the emotional pacing was badly off in places. But it has its moments.

4) Invisible Republic Vol 1, by Corinna Bechko and Gabriel Hardman
Second frame of third chapter (rotated):

Carefully drawn, but unevenly plotted story of revolution in an oppressive society, set on a distant moon of a distant planet (but really could have been at any time and almost any place). I did wonder why the main male character didn't simply shave off his beard to avoid being recognised.

3) The Divine, by Boaz Lavie, Asaf Hanuka and Tomer Hanuka
Second frame of third page:

Story of an American military contractor in an Asian conflict zone who discovers that dragons are real. Improbable plot twist at the end involving his pregnant wife, and somewhat stereotyped characters among both Americans and Asians. But shows promise.

2) The Sandman: Overture, by Neil Gaiman and J.H. Williams III
Second text frame of third chapter:

As reported earlier in the year, I really enjoyed this and I nominated it myself. But having read four slated finalists that were nothing like as good as the four other graphic stories which I nominated, I'm angry that we have basically been given one person's choice of what should be on the ballot rather than the collective voice of fans, and a choice between one good work and four poor ones is no choice at all. I am invoking the Foster principle and voting:

1) No Award.
It is simply an outrage that The Sculptor and The Thrilling Adventures of Lovelace and Babbage, and probably two other worthy nominees, were kept off the ballot by the slaters. Filling the ballot with complete crap is unacceptable, as voters demonstrated last year; but putting just one good nominee on the ballot also removes choice and competition, and most of all fun, from the process. So I am not going to lend my vote to their enterprise.

As I've said before, let's hope for better times.

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Interesting Links for 11-07-2016

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Peter & Max, by Bill Willingham

Second paragraph of third chapter:

True to his father’s instruction, on that fateful evening so many ages past, Peter had the flute named Frost with him. It sat in its small carrying case on the truck bench’s seat beside him. This was a new case, of course, made of modern high-impact plastic and reinforced steel. The original leather case had worn away long ago, as had many successors since. But Frost remained unchanged by time. It looked as new today as when he first saw it, and probably the same as when fabled Jorg first carved it.

I read most of Bill Willingham’s Fables series of graphic stories back in 2008-11 when they were getting Hugo nominations, but rather lost interest after the big battle between our heroes and their enemy was resolved in Volume 11 (of at least 19). This however is a spinoff prose novel, explaining the tortuous relationships between Peter Piper, Bo Peep and Peter’s evil brother Max, coming to a gruesome climax in medieval Hamelin with echoes through to the present day, where fairy tale characters are living under cover in New York – am I right in thinking that there’s a recent TV series with a similar premise?

It’s gorgeously illustrated, clever and well-written, but not especially so, and while it’s supposedly standalone with respect to the comics, I think they do crucially reinforce each other. So I can’t recommend this to those who haven’t tried (or don’t want to try) the graphic stories it’s rooted in.

This was my top unread book acquired in 2011. Next on that list is The Last Theorem, by Arthur C. Clarke and Frederik Pohl.

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Interesting Links for 10-07-2016

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Saturday reading

Current
Watership Down, by Richard Adams (a chapter a week)
The Algebra of Ice, by Lloyd Rose

Last books finished
The Divine, by Boaz Lavie, Asaf Hanuka and Tomer Hanuka
Invisible Republic, Vol 1, by Corinna Bechko and Gabriel Hardman
The Cuckoo's Egg: Tracking a Spy Through the Maze of Computer Espionage, by Cliff Stoll
Diary of a Wimpy Kid: A Novel in Cartoons, by Jeff Kinney
Hamilton: The Revolution, by Lin-Manuel Miranda and Jeremy McCarter

Last week’s audios
[Torchwood] Uncanny Valley, by David Llewellyn
[Torchwood] More Than This, by Guy Adams

Next books
The Stars My Destination, by Alfred Bester
The Secret History of Science Fiction, ed. James Patrick Kelly
Dead Romance, by Lawrence Miles

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Interesting Links for 09-07-2016

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The Commissioner, by Stanley Johnson

Second paragraph of third chapter:

Before he set out for Cologne, Morton spoke to Sir Oliver Passmore on the telephone to ask for any further news or indication of what to expect. Passmore chose his words with care. He had been choosing his words with care for most of his life. 'We're not absolutely sure what Kramer intends,' Passmore told him. 'He may try to do what his predecessor, Jacques Delors did, when he was President-designate back in 1985.'

This is another real political treasure of times past, a thriller written by none less than the father of Boris Johnson, himself a former MEP and Commission official who is now one of the best known environmentalists on the political Right in England. The book was written in 1987, set in 1989; I must have read it in the mid-90s, when I was politically engaged in Belfast, though I missed the 1998 film starring John Hurt. (This is the second book I have read recently which was made into a film starring John Hurt.)

It's a rather moral story. James Morton, a Tory MP with a second-rate job but a first-rate majority, is sent by Margaret Thatcher to Brussels as the new British Commissioner. He struggles with the unglamorous position of Commissioner for Industry, but finds himself in the middle of a massive scandal involving the chemical industry and environmental damage, facing off against vested interests in Germany, Britain and the Commission itself, and also in a personal dilemma between his American wife and his Portuguese colleague. The ending turns out rather ambiguous, with good and bad guys both claiming their share of the spoils.

It's surprising, thirty years on, to remember that there was a time when a Conservative writer – a member of the Johnson family, no less – was capable of nuanced commentary about European politics (though I fear not about the Irish). I appreciate now, more than I did before I came to Belgium, the touches of local colour – Morton and his wife move to Rhode-St-Génèse, which was where we first lived when we moved here in 1999; La Maison du Cygne and Comme Chez Soi are still reputedly the best restaurants in town; there is still something of an old-guard clubbish elite around the Place Royale/Sablon where occasionally I get invited to stand outside and look in the window (one missing venue is the Egmont Palace). It's an account by someone who knows and loves the town.

Though much has also changed. There are now 28 Commissioners rather than 12; more importantly, Morton's successor, the Competition Commissioner Margrethe Vestager, has quasi-judicial powers to prevent dubious mergers without anyone else's permission, rather than needing to wage the political campaign that Morton gets tied up in. Also, as I commented in my last review, it's impossible to imagine a romance between two high-profile political figures going unnoticed in the age of the 24 hour news cycle and the Internet.

Still, it's worth getting hold of, if you can, to take your mind back to the late 1980s, a time which, though we did not realise it, was a much more innocent age than our own.

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Interesting Links for 08-07-2016

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Dark Horse, by Fletcher Knebel

Second paragraph of chapter three:

On the same October Thursday the Houston Oilers toiled in practice in the nearby Astrodome, the American balance-of-payments deficit soared to a twenty-year high, three more corporations decided to flee New York City and a man in Boston died of mercury poisoning after eating codfish cakes.

This book is going for a penny plus postage on the online used book store of your choice, and I recommend you buy it now before the rush later this year. Written in 1972, anticipating the 1976 election, it concerns the story of Eddie Quinn, an obscure former Congressman and New Jersey Turnpike Commissioner who is unexpectedly thrust to national prominence when the failing Republican presidential candidate suddenly dies three weeks before the election and the party reaches desperately for a replacement; nobody, including the colourless Vice-Presidential candidate, wants to go down in history as the loser, and Quinn is good-looking, doesn’t drink or smoke, and is not known for dangerous views.

Although the Democrats are well in the lead (with an intellectual Methodist state governor rather reminiscent of their real 1976 candidate, Jimmy Carter), Quinn launches a populist rearguard campaign, promising tax cuts, an end to the military draft for young people, a system of ombudsmen, and much else, which instantly earns him the displeasure of the Republican grandees (particularly the one who is nominally married to his lover) but catches the interest of increasing numbers of voters, leading to a dramatic conclusion to the election.

There are several particularly intense incidents: Quinn’s opening speech, where he attacks vested political interests like the ones that have just nominated him; his gathering of a diverse group of trusted advisers; a confrontation with black radicals in Quinn’s home town (which sounds a bit like my grandmother’s home town of Plainfield); and a fatal car accident which Quinn refuses to allow his team to cover up. The author’s tone towards lefties and feminists is a bit wearyingly snide (not to mention New Jersey, “a corridor of swampy weather and toadstool habitations that called itself a state”), but apart from that it’s a real page-turner.

Of course, a book like this is always going to be partial wish-fulfillment. (See my list of Pope books; was Hadrian the Seventh the orignial Mary Sue?) But Knebel mounts a sharp critique from the liberal Right (a species that barely exists these days) of conventional American political wisdom, and challenges the reader to wonder how change might come? Things have now got worse, of course; I strongly recommend this recent article from The Atlantic, How American Politics Went Insane for a review of what has gone wrong, mostly since this book was written.

Apart from the death of the liberal Right, there are other major differences between how politics happened in 1972 and how it happens today. The most striking is that there was no twenty-four hour news cycle. The press corps did indeed follow the candidates around, but they were print journalists with their early evening deadlines; TV was much more cumbersome and had to be carefully arranged in advance. Minor gaffes by Quinn and his campaign staff are laughed off in a cordial way by all concerned, rather than becoming the focus of faux outrage by media talking heads. There is no chance that a candidate’s love affair with a married Congresswoman could evade scrutiny today for as long as Quinn gets away with it in this book. (There is a sub-plot with a sex tape of which there is only one copy.)

Another point that hit me was that the only mention of TV debates is a brief reference to Kennedy/Nixon in 1960, with the strong implication that that experiment would never be repeated. Debates are now of course an immovable part of the process, but we tend to forget that rather than 1960 that has only been the case since 1976, when Gerald Ford killed his own chances of re-election by mis-speaking about Eastern Europe. (Ford, who was the 1976 Republican candidate in real life, was also something of a dark horse given that in 1972 he was the fading House Minority Leader).

It’s irresistible to compare the fictional 1976 scenario of Dark Horse with the real situation forty years after, where one insurgent from outside the party leadership came within a few hundred delegates of capturing the Democratic nomination, and another insurgent actually is the Republican nominee. Knebel’s Quinn is closer in policy to Trump than Sanders, but has several redeeming points: he values intellectual input and thoughtful policy-making, he instinctively grasps the importance of reaching much wider than the white male demographic and challenges his own party on race and gender issues (even if he doesn’t end up where we might want him to), and he doesn’t tell lies. Immigration is a second or third generation issue, and the terrorists are domestic insurgents neutralised by negotiation. I would probably still have supported Quinn’s Democratic opponent if I’d had a vote in this fictional 1976, but I would have found it a tough choice. Read the book for yourself, and see what you think.

Interesting Links for 07-07-2016

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Frankenstein Unbound, by Brian Aldiss

Second paragraph of third chapter:

Where were you yesterday, I wonder? The ranch, with all its freight of human beings – in which category I include those supernatural beings, our grandchildren – spent yesterday and much of the day before in a benighted bit of somewhere that I presume was medieval Europe! It was our first taste of a major Timeslip. (How easily one takes up the protective jargon – a Timeslip sounds no worse than a landslide. But you know what I mean – a fault in the spatial infrastructure.)

I had not actually read this before – but I had long ago listened to a 1978 commercially released cassette recording of Brian Aldiss actually reading the book. The tapes together were only 2h42m, so it must have been somewhat abridged (though the book is anyway only 216 pages).

Aldiss is at his best when he examines fragmentation and transition. (That’s why the first two Helliconia books are much better than the third.) Here, his protagonist, Joe Bodenland, is yanked from the world of 2020, recovering from a global conflict where space and time have come adrift, and deposited in Switzerland in 1816, in both the world of Mary Shelley and the Villa Deodati and the world of Frankenstein’s Geneva which she invented. Bodenland weaves in and out of both stories, making love to Mary, pursuing the monster, ending in the middle of nowhere anticipating doom. Given Aldiss’s own reverence for Shelley as the originator of science fiction (two hundred years ago this summer) there’s a lot going on here, and I don’t feel fully able to unpack it, but I really liked it.

The 1990 film starred John Hurt as the protagonist (renamed Buchanan, which may be easier to say but has less linguistic resonance), Bridget Fonda as Mary Shelley and Raul Julia as Frankenstein. I may even try and watch it some time.

This came to the top of my list of sf books recommended by you guys. Next on that list was Alif the Unseen, next after that is Ghastly Beyond Belief, edited by Neil Gaiman and Kim Newman.

Interesting Links for 06-07-2016

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The latest twist

There is now a perverse incentive for May to organise for 40 of her core supporters to vote for Gove on Thursday. It would certainly exclude the much more threatening Leadsom from the party members’ ballot.

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Loving the Alien, by Mike Tucker and Robert Perry

Second paragraph of third chapter:

The Doctor was making his way around, prodding at things with the tip of his umbrella, wiping his finger along the pipes and grimacing at the grease. He’d not been very forthcoming about where they had landed. All Ace knew is that it was London and the 1950s.

This is the culmination of the arc of Seventh Doctor novels by Mike Tucker and Robert Perry, the previous stories being Illegal Alien, Matrix, Storm Harvest and Prime Time. I really enjoyed this, as I really enjoyed them all, and I’ve realised that this sequence is one of the unsung successes of Who spinoff literature.

The story is suitably complex; the Doctor investigating Ace’s murder, even though she is still alive; confused astronauts arriving from another timeline; cyber-technology and giant ants infesting London. There is sensawunda and emotional intensity. There is homage to Quatermass (and perhaps one or two Tuckerisms). I think I couldn’t recommend this to readers, even Who fans, who had not read the previous four in this mini-series, but I would warmly recommend reading the whole lot.

Next up in this sequence: The Algebra of Ice, by Lloyd Rose.

How can the Commission President be replaced?

(This was originally published by EurActiv on 5 July 2016. In February 2025 I requested that it be deleted from the Euractiv site.)

Nicholas Whyte predicts that in the event of a vacancy at the top of the European Commission, the EPP Vice-Presidents are well-placed to fill it.

At the end of The Commissioner, a 1987 novel by former British Conservative MEP Stanley Johnson (yes, Boris Johnson’s father), the President of the European Commission is forced to resign and his successor is chosen by vote of the remaining Commissioners.  Almost three decades on, how would that situation be resolved today?

I hasten to add that as far as I know this is a purely theoretical question.  In response to press queries last week, both President Juncker’s spokesman and the President himself insisted that his health is fine and he intends to carry on.  But it’s worth recalling the precedents and the current legal situation, should this ever become an issue.

On two previous occasions, the President of the European Commission resigned before the end of his term.  In both cases, the replacement was his senior Vice-President.  In 1999, when Jacques Santer and the entire college resigned, Manuel Marin took over as Acting President until the Prodi Commission was in place later that year.  He had been one of two Vice-Presidents under Santer, and had served three years longer in the Commission than the other, Sir Leon Brittan.

Those were unusual and dramatic circumstances.  Any vacancy now would probably bear more resemblance to what happened in 1972, when Franco Maria Malfatti resigned as President of the European Commission to renew his political career in Italy.  He had two Vice-Presidents, who had both served since the Commission was established in more or less its present form in 1967.  The older of the two, Sicco Mansholt, took over as President for the nine months until François-Xavier Ortoli began his term in 1973.

If the old rules (such as they were) still applied, the obvious successor in the case of a sudden vacancy at the top today would be Frans Timmermans, the Dutch First Vice-President of the current Commission.  Even though he is only in his first term as a Commissioner, his status as First Vice-President clearly puts him ahead of the three Vice-Presidents who are on their second term – Kristalina Georgieva (Bulgaria), Maroš Šefčovič (Slovakia) and Jyrki Katainen (Finland – yes, he is technically on his second term, as he served out the last few months of Olli Rehn’s mandate in 2014.) 

But the old rules no longer apply, and while Timmermans would certainly take over for the short term, Article 17.7 of the Treaty, which governs the election of the President, may create a problem for his staying in anything more than an interim capacity.  It states:

Taking into account the elections to the European Parliament and after having held the appropriate consultations, the European Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall propose to the European Parliament a candidate for President of the Commission.  This candidate shall be elected by the European Parliament by a majority of its component members.  If he does not obtain the required majority, the European Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall within one month propose a new candidate who shall be elected by the European Parliament following the same procedure.

(Incidentally only the English, Irish and Maltese translations of the Treaty use a masculine pronoun in that last sentence.  The Czech, Greek and Polish texts have a gender-neutral formulation, and all others repeat “the candidate” from the previous sentence.  Of course, in a lot of languages “the candidate” is grammatically masculine as well.)

Article 246 of the Treaty makes it clear that Article 17.7 would also apply to a mid-term vacancy in the position of President “in the event of resignation, compulsory retirement or death” – in other words, a successor would still need to be proposed by the European Council, “taking into account the elections to the European Parliament” and then approved by the Parliament.  The European People’s Party won the most seats in the 2014 election (but not the most votes) and it is generally accepted that “taking the elections into account” means that a candidate for President of the Commission must come from the EPP ranks of the European People’s Party, who won the most European Parliament seats in the 2014 election.  Frans Timmermans, the First Vice-President, is a Socialist.

A mid-term replacement is further constrained by the fact that no member state can have more than one Commissioner at a time.  The proposed new President of the Commission would need either to be a sitting Commissioner or from a country that did not have a sitting Commissioner.  At present, the British place on the European Commission is about to fall vacant due to the resignation of Lord Hill, but it’s difficult to see the UK providing a new President of the Commission under present circumstances.  (Not that it matters given everything else that is happening, but there is incidentally no EPP representation in the UK.)

We now run into the next problem.  The new President must be elected by a qualified majority of the Council, which on my reading of Articles 16 and 238 of the Treaty means at least 72% of the members of the Council – 21 counting the UK –representing Member States comprising at least 65% of the population of the Union.  (The threshold is usually 55% of member states, but that only applies to votes on proposals by the Commission or High Representative.) The EPP, which was dominant on the European Council for many years, now holds the position of head of government in only 7 of the 28 EU member states, the same number as the liberal ALDE and one fewer than the PES, who have eight.  

(Since you asked: the EPP are still on top in Germany, Hungary, Cyprus, Ireland, Bulgaria, Spain and Romania, with a total of 33.4% of the EU population; the PES in Italy, Slovakia, Malta, Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic, Franceand Portugal with 33.9% of the population; and the Liberals in Finland, Luxembourg, Slovenia, the Netherlands, Estonia, Belgium and Denmark, with a mighty 8.5%.  The ECR have Poland and, for now, the UK; the Croatian and Latvian prime ministers and the President of Lithuania are independents; and the Greek prime minister represents the far Left.)

It therefore seems likely that in the event of a vacancy arising in the current term, the office of President of the Commission would need to be filled by a sitting Commissioner, with an EPP background, but supported from the governments of other groups (the PES and ALDE would be enough) and also at least 376 members of the European Parliament.  On the face of it, this provides a wide choice: as well as current Vice-Presidents Georgieva, Katainen and Valdis Dombrovskis (Latvia), the EPP Commissioners include Günther Oettinger(Germany), Marianne Thyssen (Belgium), Johannes Hahn (Austria), Dimitris Avramopoulos (Greece), ElżbietaBieńkowska (Poland), Miguel Arias Cañete (Spain), Tibor Navracsics (Hungary), Carlos Moedas (Portugal), Phil Hogan(Ireland) and Christos Stylianides (Cyprus).  

In practice the field will narrow down pretty rapidly to the three EPP Vice-Presidents, Katainen, Dombrovskis and Georgieva, two of whom are former prime ministers (Dombrovskis also a former MEP, which may help with the Parliament) and the third a second-term Commissioner.  Although every president since Jacques Santer in 1994 has been a former prime minister, this is not written into the Treaty.  Certainly there is, to put it politely, no obvious correlation between success in one’s term as President of the European Commission and seniority of one’s previous office.  If the situation ever arises, it will be interesting to see who is more able to persuade member state governments of differing political hues to support him or her.  And perhaps, in the context of the rise of Hillary Clinton and the increasing global focus on women as leaders, those masculine pronouns in the Treaty may start to look somewhat out of date.

My #RetroHugos1941 votes: Best Dramatic Presentation (Long Form)

I nominated three works for Best Dramatic Presentation (Long Form) in the 1941 Retro Hugos – Pinocchio, The Thief of Bagdad and Fantasia. All three of these made it to the final ballot – rather better than my usual strike rate! – but for some reason Pinocchio has been placed in the Short Form rather than Long Form category, even though two of the Long Form nominees (One Million B.C. and Dr Cyclops) are actually shorter.

Anyway, it’s (mostly) a good list, representing a decent spread of what could be considered genre film in 1940 – the nominations process doing what it is supposed to do and giving us a wide field to choose from. I confess that I’ve only watched my two nominees in full, but I feel I dipped into the others sufficiently to establish an order of preference.

6) Dr Cyclops
Full film:

I have to say this one lost me in the first few minutes with the awful acting in the first few scenes. Perhaps if I’d been more patient, the special effects might have lifted it above No Award on my ballot. It may yet happen; we have four weeks to go.

5) No Award. All the others seemed to me to have sufficient points of strength.

4) One Million B.C.
Full film:

I skimmed this, to be honest. It’s very much in the shade of the 1960s remake with Raquel Welch, and one can’t help but be reminded of the later better version while watching this. However, the special effects are pretty remarkable for the 1940s, in particular the dinosaurs and other monsters, and for me that redeems it.

3) Flash Gordon Conquers the Universe
In full starting with first episode:

I watched the first of the twelve episodes, which I hope is enough to give me a decent feel for it. One has to laugh at the unimaginative approach to the Earth of
whatever century Flash Gordon is set in, which looks just like the 1940s without even any extra flanges. The plot is pretty formulaic. But it’s all done very zestfully, and I think it’s largely forgiveable.

2) Fantasia
Full (probably not legit, watch it soon before it disappears):

This has tremendous sentimental value, and I’m sure it will win. The animation is superb and its merging with the music is genius. But I found myself a bit annoyed on rewatching by the overt didacticism, and for modern tastes some of the sequences drag a bit. So, somewhat to my own surprise, I’ve bumped it down from the top spot to second.

1) The Thief of Bagdad
Full (again, probably not legit, watch it soon before it disappears):

I nominated this on the strength of the scene with Mary Morris as Kali but I sat down and watched it from beginning to end the other night, and, good lord, I was blown away. This is one of very few films with a 100% score on Rotten Tomatoes, and while I wouldn’t go that far, it’s tremendously enjoyable. On the one hand, it’s supposed to be about the romance between the rightful but displaced Sultan of Bagdad and the daughter of the Sultan of Basra; on the other, the stars of the show are Sabu as Abu, the eponymous thief, and the amazing special effects – this was apparently one of the first films to use greenscreening, and they used it very well. Sure, one can rightly question the Orientalism of the project; but the fact is that it’s rather nice to be reminded of a time when Iraq was celebrated for its cultural and scientific heritage, even in Holywood style, rather than for other reasons. It gets my vote, and I commend it to your attention.

Best Novel (1941/2016) / Best Novella (1941/2016) / Best Novelette (1941/2016) / Best Short Story (1941/2016) / Best Related Work (2016) / Bet Dramatic Presentation (Long Form) / Best Dramatic Presentation (Short Form) (1941/2016) / Art categories (1941/2016) / John W. Campbell Award

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