June Books 19) Legacy: A story of racism and the Northern Ireland Troubles, by Jayne Olorunda

This is a tough read.

Jayne Olorunda's mother, Gabrielle, is from Strabane, on the western fringe of Northern Ireland (incidentally where the great Flann O'Brien was born); she fell in love with a Nigerian accountant in Belfast, and married him around 1974 despite her parents' vociferous objections to his being not only black but Protestant. He was then killed in the 1980 Dunmurry train bombing, and she was left to bring up their three children – Jayne being the youngest – as a single parent, trying to keep her career as a nurse on track. Not surprisingly, her mental health collapsed.

A bit more than half of the book is Jayne's account of her mother's memories of growing up in the repressive Catholic Ireland of the 1950s and 1960s, and the sudden outbreak of violence – she was one of the nurses summoned to Altnagelvin hospital to treat the victims of Bloody Sunday. For Gabrielle Olorunda, 1970s Belfast was a wonderful cosmopolitan horizon-broadening escape from Strabane, which perhaps says all you need to know about Strabane. The Olorunda family lived in the same part of Belfast where I grew up. I must have passed them now and then at the cluster of shops and other services (doctor, optician, dentist, library) around Finaghy crossroads.

Then Max Olorunda was killed by the premature explosion of an IRA firebomb on his commuter train, screaming as he died in agony, burnt to ashes along with a schoolboy and one of the bombers (the other escaped, though permanently disfigured). This struck, quite literally, close to home for me as I read. The bombing took place roughly 400 metres from where we lived. Gabrielle Olorunda heard it clearly, not knowing its significance, in her home in Erinvale three times further away. As it happened, my family was out of Northern Ireland in January 1980; if we had not been, I would certainly have heard the bang while laying the fire or watching the BBC news. (The biggest bang I can personally remember was the forensic labs bomb of September 1992.)

There was no adequate support for the victims of the Troubles then, or indeed now. Gabrielle Olorunda drove herself crazy, with PTSD from her bereavement and from her nursing of the more obvious victims of violence, slipping deeper and deeper into poverty and mental anguish, and confronted also at every turn with deep racism from her neighbours towards her three mixed-race daughters. And let's be clear – although hard-line Ulster Loyalists are visibly (and sometimes proudly) linked to racism, her fellow Catholics were every bit as bad on this score, ranging from the pub-goers in the Markets on the evening her husband died, cheering the fact that the 'RA had killed a nigger that day, to the teacher who humiliated one of the girls as a "Negro" in front of her class. Nobody in Northern Irish society has anything to be proud of in this story. It is rather telling that the media profiles of Jayne tend to describe her father as a "recent" immigrant to Northern Ireland; he must have been there for at least seven years, which is not exactly recent by my reckoning.

At a very young age, Jayne became the household manager in her mother's frequent mental absences, and tells frank stories of dealing with dodgy landlord after dodgy landlord, attempting to get non-pharmaceutical help for her mother, and treatment for her own eating disorders. She became a public figure after this book was published, and was a candidate for the abortive NI21 political party in the recent elections. She has now joined the Alliance Party. Her mother is now in permanent residential care.

There is, believe it or not, the occasional funny moment amid the awfulness. At one point the Olorundas were rehoused to a pretty hardline Catholic area, where almost everyone was an IRA supporter. Given the circumstances of her husband's death, Gabrielle was not exactly pro-IRA; and this meant that in the frequent raids on the estate by the security forces, the Olorundas were never targeted. Jayne takes up the story:

Often we would arrive home to find every front door in the street wide open, many having been kicked down; personal effects would be strewn across hallways that were on open view to all. All of this was evidence that frantic searching had went [sic] on; that another no warning raid had taken place.

The people we lived next to would eye us with distrust; suspicions were high in those days. They must have wondered why we were being excluded, if we [were] watching them or worse if we were we were [sic] some sort of informers. At this stage Mum was already running scared due to her previous stunts. She didn’t need any more reasons to be targeted.

Soon the other children began making comments, calling us “Brits” or what they took to be the ultimate insult “Protestants”. It got so bad that in the end Mum went to the police and explained our predicament , how she was quite possibly the only non-sympathiser in the town. They swiftly informed her that they knew exactly who she was. They too had heard of her one woman mission to rid the country of [the] IRA. An officer brought her into an interview room and told her that she had every reason to fear, these people were unscrupulous.

That day the police arranged for our house to be “included” in any further raids. This simply meant that when the army raided our street that they would also come into our house. In practice it meant that whilst everyone else had their front doors kicked down, their possessions scattered and often destroyed we had our front door carefully opened, never would we find an item out of place. Sometimes a little note was left stating they walked through as requested.

One imagines the bizarre tableau of a helmetted and body-suited RUC officer pausing in the Olorundas' front room to scribble them a quick message, before heading off to kick the neighbours' front door in. It's an extraordinary vignette of a sort of reverse security theatre in the midst of repression and the collapsed legitimacy of state authority.

While I appreciate Jayne's authentic and occasionally breathless account of her life and her mother's, I wished that the publishers had exerted a slightly stronger editorial hand. The paragraphs I have copied above are entirely typical in their casual approach to proofreading. There's also a very odd slip where Gabrielle recalls a sinister vision, shortly before her husband's death, in the "Europa Train Station" in Belfast – but the Great Victoria Street station was closed from 1976 to 1995; it must have been the cavernous and antiseptic Belfast Central Station where this happened, or where she thinks it happened. Gabrielle's visions are an important part of the story; Jayne reports them as they have been recounted to her, and leaves us to make our own judgement. Whatever happened, it was very real for Gabrielle, and the story of the premonitions is clearly important for her and her family's attempts to make sense of how their world was shattered.

I have read a lot about Northern Ireland over the years. I did not think that there was much left for me to learn. But this story of a family falling through the cracks in the integrity of our ancient quarrel is heartbreaking and important. More power to Jayne Olorunda for picking herself up by her own shoelaces, and working for a better future.

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Wednesday reading

Current
The Lacuna, by Barbara Kingsolver
Beowulf, tr. J.R.R. Tolkien, ed. Christopher Tolkien
γ1
[Doctor Who] Millennium Shock, by Justin Richards

Last books finished
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Legacy: A story of racism and the Northern Ireland Troubles, by Jayne Olorunda
[Suske en Wiske] De Apenkermis, by Willy Vandersteen
[Suske en Wiske] Amoris van Amoras, by “Willy Vandersteen” [Paul Geerts]
[Suske en Wiske] Het Aruba-dossier, by “Willy Vandersteen” [Paul Geerts]
Ireland Under The Tudors vol 1, by Richard Bagwell
The Shakespeare Notebooks, by James Goss, Jonathan Morris, Julian Richards, Justin Richards and Matthew Sweet

Last week’s audios
current:Masquerade, by Stephen Cole

Next books
Ireland Under The Tudors vol 2, by Richard Bagwell
How Languages are Learned, by Patsy M. Lightbown
Brussel in Beeldekes
Crash, by J.G. Ballard
[Doctor Who] So Vile a Sin, by Ben Aaronovitch and Kate Orman

Books acquired in last week
Legacy: A story of racism and the Northern Ireland Troubles, by Jayne Olorunda
Science Fiction: The Great Years, eds. Carol Pohl and Frederik Pohl
The Power and the Glory, by Graham Greene
Perilous Dreams, by Andre Norton
Sleepers of Mars, by John Wyndham
The Autumn Land and Other Stories, by Clifford D. Simak
King’s Inns and the Kingdom of Ireland, by Colum Kenny

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“Mars is the eighth and latest republic to be attached to the Soviet Union”

Reading John Wyndham’s Retro Hugo nominated story, “The Sleepers of Mars”, I was startled to see that his cosmonauts knew of only seven Soviet Republics (in a story published in 1938 and set in 1981). When the USSR broke up in 1991, there were fifteen of them. What, I wondered, had Wyndham done with the other eight?

Four were easy enough. In 1938, most of what is now Moldova was part of Romania (with what’s now Transdniestria part of the Ukrainian SSR), and the three Baltic states were enjoying a precarious independence (incidentally, they’ve now been independent again for longer than they were between the World Wars).

However, Wyndham was actually a little out of date with regard to the other four. There had indeed been only seven Soviet Republics up until the new Soviet Constitution of December 1936. But from then on, the former Transcaucasian SSR was split into the Georgian, Armenian and Azerbaijan SSR’s; and the Kyrgyz and Kazakh SSR’s were split off from the RSFSR (now the Russian Federation). The Uzbek and Turkmen SSR’s had been constituents of the Soviet Union since 1924, and the Tajik SSR was split off from the Uzbek SSR in 1926. His cosmonauts should have made Mars the twelfth republic to be attached to the Soviet Union, not the eighth.

It’s a slightly surprising slip from Wyndham. It would be odd to write a story set 43 years in our future about, for instance, making Mars the fifty-third state of the US, or the thirty-fifth of the European Union, without checking how many states there are in that entity at the moment and deciding how many you thought there might be in 2057. Perhaps the story was written before December 1936; or perhaps (I guess most likely) the news of the new Soviet internal arrangements hadn’t seeped very far into popular discourse by the time he wrote the story in 1937.

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June Books 18) Death in Venice, by Thomas Mann

This Penguin edition includes also Tristan and Tonio Kröger. I liked the famous novella, but wasn’t blown away by it; everyone knows what the plot is, and to a large extent it’s also what the whole thing is about, told lucidly enough to be sure, but moored in the sexualities of a bygone age.

I didn’t particularly care for Tristan, a short story of manly one-upmanship for the affections of a fellow-patient in a sanatorium. I see other reviewers commenting on the story’s humour; perhaps it was the translation, perhaps just my frame of mind, but I didn’t get it.

But I thought Tonio Kröger much more interesting, with the title character struggling with the artistic identity which, he believes, sets him apart from the common herd; and yet his evidence for this doesn’t even really convince himself. One can imagine it as a somewhat rueful self-portrait.

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Best Graphic Story 2014

1) The Girl Who Loved Doctor Who, by Paul Cornell and Jimmy Broxton. Ticked all my boxes. Possibly the first Hugo finalist to actually feature the venue where the awards will be made.

2) Saga, vol 2, by Bryan Vaughan and Fiona Staples. Solid stuff.

3) No Award.

Not voting for:

The Meathouse Man, by George R.R. Martin and Raya Golden. Didn’t really push my buttons. But if I give it a lower preference, I am effectively putting it ahead of the other two finalists.

Girl Genius, Volume 13: Agatha Heterodyne & The Sleeping City, by Phil and Kaja Foglio – simply not my thing; I’ve tried several previous volumes when they were nominated and bounced off them, so I didn’t even try this year.

“Time” by Randall Munroe – sat through the first couple of minutes of this a couple of times, waited for something interesting to happen, went and did something else when it didn’t. Maybe there is a punchline that I just have to be patient about.

You can vote in this year’s Hugos, and the 1939 Retro Hugos, by joining Loncon 3 at http://www.loncon3.org/memberships .

2014: Best Novel | Best Novella | Best Novelette | Best Short Story | Best Related Work | Best Graphic Story | Best Dramatic Presentation (Short Form) | Best Professional Artist | Best Fan Artist
1939: Best Novel | Best Novella | Best Novelette | Best Short Story | Best Dramatic Presentation (Short Form) | Best Professional Artist

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Dialect answers

Most of you got most of the answers right in Sunday’s quiz, which may reflect my lack of imagination in inventing alternatives. I was sorry that nobody was atrracted by the option of someone “on the broo” being a bar-tender. Perhaps too good to be true.

Anyway, in order of decreasing difficulty, the answers were:

bake = mouth, as in the oft-heard phrase “shut your bake!” It is obviously derived from local pronunciation of “beak”, which is why you might think it meant the nose, working from first principles. But the image conveyed is of someone screeching like a small bird, so it’s the beak as source of sound rather than as a protuberance on the face that matters.

sheuch / sheugh (supposedly from the same root as “sough” as in “Sough of Despond”) means a trench. Confusingly, a “ditch” in Ulster usually means a raised bank, rather than a trench, though “dyke” is also used, as in The Black Pig’s Dyke. I was delighted that my alternative meanings of “horse” or “bread roll” found some favour here.

boke/boak is pretty onomatopoeic. I remember a schoolfriend, on being told by our teacher that a classmate had been sent home sick, asking with interest, “Did he boak, Miss?” He was reproved for asking a personal question but not for using incorrect language.

footering / futering does indeed mean wasting time. In Scotland it has more of a fidgeting connotation, which is sometimes has in Ireland also. Compare: David Trimble said: ‘Sir Patrick is footering around” with Suzanne muttered something I couldnay hear, her haun footering with her silk scarf. There is an Irish verb “fuadar” which some see as a possible root, but since it means “hurry” and “footer” means the opposite, I would take some convincing.

In Ulster, a wain / wean / weean is a child, a wee ‘un. Of course the word wain means “wagon” in standard English, but never in Ireland.

And almost everyone understood that someone who is on the bru / broo is claiming unemployment benefit from an office known at one time as the “bureau”. Etymologies suggest “welfare bureau” specifically, but in fact the only entities I find in Northern Irish history with that official name are linked to political parties rather than the government. Of course, official names are not always the names that are used.

As she often does, had the best comment.

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